STRESS COAT detoxifies heavy metals, removes chlorine chloramines 473ml, API

STRESS COAT detoxifies heavy metals, removes chlorine chloramines 16fl oz (473ml), API

<></>16fl oz treats up to 940 U.S. gallons (3,588L) of fresh or salt water

**Makes Tap Water Safe**

• Removes chlorine and chloramines

• detoxifies heavy metals

**Protects fish**

• The healing power of Aloe Vera
• Proven to reduce fish stress
• Replaces slime coat

*Manufacturer have change their graphic design on this product from time to time, so you may received one not as picture showing, however, they are all the same.

STRESS COAT, with the healing power of Aloe Vera, is scientifically proven to reduce fish stress and heal damaged tissue. It forms a synthetic slime coating and replaces the natural secretion of slime that is interrupted by handling, shipping, fish fighting, or other forms of stress. Helps reduce susceptibility to disease and infection. Helps heal torn fins and skin wounds. Reduces electrolyte loss. Also works instantly to remove chlorine and chloramines from tap water. Neutralizes heavy metals. Use when starting a new aquarium, adding or changing water and adding fish.

• Scientifically proven to reduce fish stress by 40%
• Scientifically proven to heal wounds and promote regeneration of damaged fish tissue

Keep out of reach of children. Not to be used on fish intended for human comsumption.

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(Below was Test result published atmanufacturer's website apifishcare.com)

The effect of Stress Coat? on the excretory loss

of cortisol from the common goldfish

Carassius auratus followinga netting stressor

Introduction

Stressis an important issue in the successful husbandry of captive fish and is often

usedas an indicator of health and welfare. Husbandry practices can impose stress

onfish including handling, grading, transportation and poor management of water

quality.Exposure to stress evokes a series of physiological responses in fish, the

primaryresponse involving the release of stress hormones into the circulatory system.

Theprincipal corticosteroid released is cortisol. This is excreted via branchial

andurinary pathways, and can therefore be measured using non-invasive methods

throughwater sampling. Currently a commercial product STRESS COAT is available

foruse with ornamental fish (both in the trade and for pet owners). This

productincludes a botanical extract of the plant Aloebarbadensis and is frequently

usedduring transportation, water changes and when setting up an aquarium. Its

primaryuse is as a water conditioner; however, anecdotal evidence has suggested

itmay also have a role in managing the stress response in fish.

METHODS

?Twelve goldfish were graded into each of 15 x 50L aquaria, tank biomass

rangedfrom 104.02 - 109.16g.

?During the trial fish were not fed and tanks were ?stand alone? held at 22?C.

?Three treatments were tested -

1)Control, no netting stress and no STRESS COAT

2)Post-treatment with STRESS COAT after netting stress

3)Subjection to netting stress with no STRESS COAT

?The netting stressor consisted of aerial exposure for 30 secs followed by net

confinementwithin the tank for 30 secs - repeated four times.

?Water samples were collected hourly for 8 hours and analysed via waterextraction and RIA according to

Elliset al (2004).

RESULTS

?Recorded cortisol levels are cumulative.

?All treatments are statistically significantly different from each other.

?The control fish had the lowest excreted cortisol levels followed by those thatwere treated with

STRESSCOAT. Untreated stressed fish excreted the highest cortisol levels.

AIM

Toassess the stress reducing properties of STRESS COAT by measuring water bornecortisol excreted from

goldfishCarassius auratus following a netting stressor.

We have a chemistry with fish.?

The effect of Stress Coat? on the excretory loss

of cortisol from the common goldfish

Carassius auratus following a netting stressor

Effectof STRESS COAT? on the release of cortisol from goldfish following a nettingstressor (each

treatmentbeing significantly different, ANOVA, P<0.05).

Discussion

Inthe presence of STRESS COAT fish appeared to recover from the stress responsefaster than those not

exposed.The initial response to a stressor is an increase in mucus production. Howevera few hours poststress

areduction in the number of goblet cells can lead to a thinning of the mucuslayer, possibly leaving the

fishin homeostatic difficulty. Biochemical constituents of Aloe and fish mucus aresimilar both comprising of

glycoproteins,monosaccharides and minerals. Molecules derived from the Aloe extract maydeliver important

mucincomponents that aid in the maintenance of the mucus layer possibly by providinga replacement

protectivelayer on the fish during and following the stress response.

Thelow cortisol levels in this study may be attributed to the elution liquidchosen for the water extraction.

Thisstudy used ethyl acetate as opposed to alcohol, which extracts only free andnot a combination of free

andconjugated steroids from the water.

DonnaL. Snellgrove, Steven M. Priestley, and Lucille G. Alexander

WALTHAMCentre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire,UK